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Points and Circles: Text, Reincarnation, and Druze in the Political Present
Abstract
In this presentation, we will explore the content and contemporary social life of a manuscript, titled “The Book of Points and Circles,” Kitab al-Noqat wal-’Dawair, which was authored by Abd al-Gaffar Taqi al-Din, a medieval Druze theologian (1497–1557). This manuscript introduced initiated readers with key concepts in Druze cosmology, mainly the operation of cycles (adw?r) in the formation of the universe and the manifestations of reincarnation (taqammu?). In this cosmology, the universe is conceived of as a septenary series that repeats itself over cycles. The end of any one cycle always and necessarily coincides with the beginning of another, be it in the worldly or divine spheres of the world. Practitioners who possess the skills and status necessary to read this text today explain the role of cycles in the formation of the universe by making analogies with reincarnation. When people die, their soul migrates to another body while still retaining some of the experience of their past lives. Each new life is thus not only considered a beginning of something new, but also a continuity of something of the past. At the end of each cyclic period, the human order actualizes some level of spiritual consciousness only to gradually be brought back to its recognizable starting point, albeit at a higher level. The contemporary social life of Kitab al-Noqat wal-’Dawair traces critical links in Druze cosmology between the formation of the universe and worldly reincarnation of individual lives. In this presentation, we will outline the significance of these links in contemporary forms of Druze political belonging in and across various modernities. Although they navigate the historicist narratives of nation-states within which they live, the Druze draw on the temporal form of reincarnation to both accommodate and transcend such narratives. Relying on the concept of adw?r and the practice of taqammu?, Druze communities produce cyclical collective memories and logics that challenge the historicist temporalities of the political present(s) they inhabit.
Discipline
Anthropology
Geographic Area
The Levant
Sub Area
19th-21st Centuries