In this paper, I discuss the intellectual tradition of African epistemology using decentralization theory by rethinking it through employing West African scholars' reception and commentaries on the Islamic rational sciences in Arabic literary works (`Ulūm al-`Aqliyah fi al-Islām). The study samples these works as the essential resources of the African intellectual tradition that shaped epistemology in the precolonial period. The main question that the paper addresses is: To what extent does this Islamic rational science contribute to the reconstruction of West African Medieval history of epistemology? Bear in mind that this type of genre is not only part of the religious discussions but also part of the philosophical discourse? To answer this question, the study establishes to frame Bayt al-Hikmah the house of wisdom in the city of Baghdad the Medieval Islamic intellectual center, and the ninth century as the place and the period that blended Islamic and Greek-Roman traditions. This heritage was transmitted in parallel movements to West Africa, 1) through the colonial movement of Europeans and missionaries as modern civilization. 2) Through the traditional Islamic institutions of North Africa. And 3) through scholars’ annual meetings during Hajj/Islamic pilgrimage. The paper argues that the intellectual heritage that came through North Africa provides the oldest historical record of the West African intellectuality, a tradition that was firmly embedded long before the second interaction with the European enlightenment. More profoundly, West African Islamic scholarship activities, even though they are in Arabic, are nonetheless part of the West African tradition that Africanists have recently rediscovered as part of the African legacy. The study explores some archives of rational sciences and traces their connection to the medieval tradition of mainstream Islamic scholarship. This research asserts that even though, some scholars engaged in writing on the Arabic-Islamic tradition in West Africa a few decades back, indeed tracing the rational sciences and comparing the two movements of transmissions in the periods before the 19th century remain slightly unexplored. Therefore, the study hypothesizes that reclaiming this heritage will anticipate the decentralization and deconstruction of West African intellectual history. Keywords: Arabic literature, Intellectual history, Rational Sciences, Translation, Transmission, and West Africa