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Re-imagining Cleopatra: Gendering Cyberactivism in Egypt
Abstract
Young Egyptian women were at the forefront of the youth cyberactivist movement in Egypt that successfully helped oust President Mubarak after 30 years in power. They were among the citizen journalists whose blogs became leading news sources; the Muslim Sisters who carved out a space to articulate their selves; and the girls who just wanted to express themselves. Based on virtual and ‘physical’ ethnography, participant observation, and content analysis conducted since 2006, this paper explores how articulations of gender through cyberactivism and citizen journalism helped reconstruct the public sphere, reconfigure political power and reconstitute public awareness. In 2005, cyberactivism emerged as the dominant form of political protest and helped reconstruct gender in the public sphere. Sexual harassment was never talked about in public, covered by the media or addressed by the authorities. And women had few opportunities to speak in public and be heard. Yet through blogs and then social media a group of girls bound by little more than virtual bits and bytes created an awareness campaign that grew from a group of stories about women in Egypt to an annual event across the region. This paper examines women’s experiences and constructions of gender online by examining key episodes of contention by and about women, including the 2005 and 2006 Eid el-Fitr attacks on women, the online women’s awareness campaign Kulna Leila, activism by the Muslim Brotherhood, and the April 6 movement.
Discipline
International Relations/Affairs
Geographic Area
Egypt
Sub Area
Modern