Abstract
This paper looks at the short history of the Cairo Ultras in Egypt as a collective movement who became part of the momentous uprising that overthrew an autocratic ruler. Formed in 2007, the Ultras membership became key actors in the street protests against Hosni Mubarak’s thirty-year rule. His dramatic removal in Spring 2011 was part of a tidal wave of popular revolt across the Middle East & North African region. However, in the violent turmoil since this time, the Ultras have been locked into a bitter conflict with the Egyptian security state. This led to the horrific deaths of seventy-two fans in the Port Said massacre alone, and the on-going imprisonment of Ultras in Egypt’s notorious prison system. Football remains a popular force in Egypt and world famous players, such as Mo Salah, inspire a younger generation beyond the quagmire of national politics.
This paper will discuss how the Cairo Ultras, as a grassroots social collective movement, formed new solidarities. The presentation sets out to consider the Ultras football fans as a counter-hegemonic force in opposition to ‘capitalist realism’ (Fisher, 2009). Cultural practices are at the core of the Ultras collectivity bond and their group activities can be seen as a form of resistance to rethink sport communities. This fan phenomenon in Cairo has, in remarkable ways, challenged the football media spectacle and the rigid social structures of Egypt. Embodying a visceral imagination, human and libidinal, the Cairo Ultras pulsated stadium terraces with group displays of banners, flares, chanting and dancing. On the football terraces choreographed body movements unify the Ultras in Sufi-like rituals as the collective experience transforms soccer into an ecstatic event.
The Ultras phenomenon is part of a global youth movement of marginal communities operating in a precarious age of reactionary politics. Ultras football groups across the world vibrate stadium terraces with creative displays to reclaim the spectacle event from the ideology underpinning sports media networks. This break with the representational form situates the body in the live event to create a collective experience. This paper uses aesthetic arguments to consider the capacity of sport to emancipate and how the Ultras events, Tifos, disrupt the meditated vision of the stadium space.
This paper research is part of a new monograph book on the Cairo Ultras to be published by AUC Press in 2019.
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