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"Behind Lock and Key": Arab Women Writers Unlocking the History of the Nakba
Abstract
Whenever doors, keys and locks are associated with Arab women, an image of the hareem emerges, especially in the west, whereby Orientalized women are objects of silencing and confinement. This paper attempts to present a counter image of Arab women revealing them as key holders whose narratives seek to emancipate readers from captivity within a single story about Arabs, Arab women, and the Arab-Israeli conflict. Ghada Karmi's In Search of Fatima (2002), Susan Abulhawa's Mornings in Genin (2010), and Radwa Ashour's Altantoureyya (2010), translated by Kay Heikkinen as The Woman from Tantoura (2018,) are three examples of timely texts that unlock the past to reveal the massacres, looting and abuse perpetrated by Israeli forces in Israel’s "War of Independence" back in 1948. These texts are testimonies, which counterbalance efforts to scour archives and remove historical documents containing proof of the Nakba (Palestinian Catastrophe). In June 2019, Haaretz published a news feature entitled: "Burying the Nakba: How Israel Systematically Hides Evidence of 1948 Expulsion of Arabs". In this news feature, Tamar Novick, a researcher in the fields of history of technology and Middle East studies, tells of her experience while trying to locate a document of a massacre in Safsaf, a Palestinian village now known as Moshav Safsufa. According to Haaretz, "When [Novick] asked those in charge where the document was, she was told that it had been placed behind lock and key at Yad Yaari – by order of the Ministry of Defense”. In their attempt to unlock such documents, Karmi, Abulhawa, and Ashour use autobiography and fiction to deconstruct certain terms (Exodus, for example), and to decompose negative stereotypes (the Arab terrorist) while reconstructing new images for the land and its people. Rewriting the Palestinian forced expulsion from their lands, the Israeli massacres of the people and the demolition of whole villages, Karmi, Abulhawa, and Ashour expose the Palestinian Exodus and the terrorists whose mention is forcefully erased from, or at best ignored in history. Thus, the main objective of this paper is to highlight a modern tradition of Arab women historicization of the Arab-Israeli conflict, one which places Arab women as agents of knowledge production in an age of contradicting narratives and disappearing archives. For a theoretical frame, the researchers will use an eclectic approach that comprises insights from postcolonial theory, historicism, and women's studies.
Discipline
Literature
Geographic Area
Egypt
Palestine
Sub Area
Arab-Israeli Conflict