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Karayazıcı Revolt in Venetian Documents
Abstract
In the last quarter of the 16th century, the Ottoman Empire had to deal with a variety of problems, including worldwide economic changes and multifaceted wars. The government was forced to dramatically change its strategy in order to maintain its hegemony. Centralization was one of the main devices that the empire used to cope with the changes of the period. As a result of centralization, faction struggles emerged in the Ottoman Palace. In order to maintain their power, ruling élite created new networks of political alliances throughout the empire, even including rebels, of the Celali (Jelali) revolt’s leaders. Karayazıcı (The Black Scribe, called Scrivano Nero in the Italian sources of the period) was a famous leader of a revolt of this kind in the years 1598-1602 who went into alliance with the palace. The goal of this paper is to analyze the impact of the Karayazıcı rebellions in political relations Particularly, I will shed new light on his relations with the Ottoman court, with the ruling élite and with foreign states on the evidence of the hitherto unexamined documents kept in the Venetian State Archives. These sources are reports of Venetian ambassadors, who informed the senate about Karayazıcı’s actions on a daily basis, official letters (dispacci), general reports (relazioni), and papers of the Council of Ten and the Bailo a Constantinopoli. They show how the Ottoman ruling élite secured their political and economic investments in Anatolia and how the dynasty attempted to use this rebellion as a pretext to subdue the people in the provinces. Furthermore, I will demonstrate how these revolts gave an opportunity to the dynasty to maintain its hegemony over.
Discipline
History
Geographic Area
Turkey
Sub Area
13th-18th Centuries