If war makes new forms of social practice possible (Brighton and Barkawi 2011), the Syrian civil war and ensuing refugee crisis has certainly made possible new forms of religious agency for Syrians living in Jordan and Lebanon, with broader implications for religious pluralism in the host states. While scholarship is growing on Muslim-Christian encounters between Syrian refugees and their hosts in neighbouring states (Carpi and Fiddian-Qasmiyeh, 2020; Kraft 2017; Eghdamian 2017), this has yet to be theorized in relation to a rich but parallel literature on religious pluralism. This paper seeks to bring these two conversations together, framing the Syrian refugee crisis as one episode in an ever-evolving regional history of Levantine religious pluralism. Secondly, while there are studies of faith-based humanitarianism in Lebanon and Jordan individually, cross-case comparison has not yet been fully exploited. This paper fills that gap. The research draws on semi-structured interviews carried out in 2018 with Muslim and Christian humanitarian aid providers to Syrian refugees and participant observation at three faith-based refugee projects: in the Bekaa valley in Lebanon and in north and central Jordan. This data is triangulated and contextualized by a review of NGO, IGO and governmental reports and media coverage of Syrian refugees in Lebanon and Jordan in Arabic and English, 2013-20. Our paper offers a four-part typology of ‘faith-based’ humanitarian responses to the Syrian refugee crisis in Lebanon and Jordan: passive, secular humanitarian, integrative and segregative. The first two modes repeat two pre-war patterns: 1) of Muslim-Christian coexistence in Lebanon and Jordan and 2) of economic, social and political interaction between Syrians, Lebanese and Jordanians. However, integrative and segregative modes reveal that the crisis has also opened up new opportunities for Muslim-Christian interreligious encounter and interaction. These new opportunities include new, hybrid forms of religious practice as well as the emergence - fleeting or permanent - of new forms of religious identification. These in turn have implications for new forms and expressions of religious pluralism in Lebanon and Jordan respectively.