This paper will assess the positions of Israel’s Prime Minister on the critical questions related to what has been called over the last several decades “the Middle East peace process”. The puzzle is genuine and complex. On the one hand, Netanyahu wrote several books & articles in which he expressed his strong, determined and principled opposition to the most important element in the peace process, the establishment of an independent Palestinian State in the West Bank & Gaza as part of a negotiated settlement. His policy position was grounded in expansive ideological belief system emphasizing Israel’s historical rights & negating the rights of the Palestinians. Moreover, as Israel’s premier between 1996 & 1999, Netanyahu is seen by many observers as responsible for the collapse of the Oslo process. On the other hand, since his reemergence as Israel’s leader, Netanyahu announced his acceptance of the two-state solution, has pushed for direct negotiations with the Palestinians, and agreed to the freezing of Israeli settlement activity in the territories. His complex behavior and equally complicated pronouncements raise the question on his real intentions. Has he come to accept the international consensus on the inevitability yet another partition, or is he playing for time in the hope that circumstances will change? This paper will try to answer these questions by looking at several sources including verbal pronouncements & political behavior.