Abstract
Over the last three decades, a series of neoliberal populist reforms have restructured the health care system according to the rationalities of efficiency, competition, and the supremacy of consumer demand in Turkey. On the one hand, the demand for urban health care services has grown due to the immigration flow from rural areas to large cities. A series of health reforms significantly expanded the access to health care services for the economically disadvantaged groups in urban areas. On the other hand, health professionals’ working conditions have more and more become precarious as they have to meet the growing demands and work under the increasing pressure of competition among their public and private employers who are seeking to maximize their profits in the market.
Based on extensive fieldwork on male circumcision in Turkey, I examine the consequences of the neoliberal transformation of the health care system for lower urban class families. As part of new welfare governance of poverty in Turkey, municipalities have been organizing circumcisions for “poor” families on means-test basis at low-ranked hospitals in urban areas wherein health professionals work under significant time constraints. By tracing the historical changes in the organization of these circumcisions since 1960s, I show how the basis of class inequality in access to circumcision services has shifted from physical to emotional care in the neoliberal era in Turkey. My paper draws our attention to the connection between consumers’ changing experience of inequality and the precarization of healthcare work.
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