The eruption of a new military conflict between Israel and Hamas, in the summer of 2014, was first followed by unequivocal European support (Germany, United Kingdom, and France) for Israel and its right to defend itself. However, in France, President François Hollande’s first remark, which was released after a phone call from Prime Minister Benyamin Netanyahu, provoked strong controversy. Seeming to provide Israel with a « blank check » to retaliate, the text omitted to mention the Palestinian civil population. Despite the fact that Hollande progressively readjusted his discourse in the face of the rising death toll in Gaza – as did his European counterparts – the French President struggled to convince his government and the local press, that his position was still in line with his country’s traditional stance regarding the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. In parallel, the spreading of a pro-Palestinian protest movement across France, that was partially tarnished by violence and anti-semitism, emphasized the lasting emotional impact exerted by the Mideast issue over French society, and the necessity to handle it carefully. This article aims at analyzing the repercussions of the 2014 Gaza war on France’s foreign and domestic policy, from a historical perspective. Through the analysis of French official statements as well as interviews with diplomats, journalists, and scholars, it shows to what extent France’s attitude regarding the Israeli-Palestinian issue was modified by this conflict, right until the end of Hollande’s term, in May 2017. Furthermore, this research tackles the question of the influence of French public opinion over the country’s foreign policy and decision-making process at that time.