Abstract
Few works on the Middle East and North African region have begun to understand how mass cultural and subcultural forms (such as, TV, film, graffiti, cartoons, music, dance) function in the process of social and political change. This paper will fill this gap by interrogating the theories of social and political change in cultural theory, integrating the cultural studies, and contributing to the prevailing and emerging theoretical trends in Middle Eastern politics. By the end of 2010, the world’s eyes were on the various squares in Tunis, Egypt, Syria, Yemen, and Bahrain, as millions of people poured into the city centres and streets. The urgent social, cultural, political and economic realities which have unsettled the hegemonic structures of state formations and processes of subjectivation have also strongly revealed how political identity is and always has been unstable and mutable. This methodological approach underlines the commitment to theorizing the “transcultural” as a new phase of Arab citizen engagement that stresses the need for sharing information, ignoring borders, opposing censorship, and adopting common strategies in the fight for social justice. The concept of “transcultural identity” stands at the interface of these large-scale political transformations and their sociocultural articulation. It indexes the multiple channels through which an Egyptian public now understands and imagines autonomy, agency, and self-representation. The point, it should be stressed, is not to suggest that a transcultural identity now transcends all others. To the contrary, the concept is meant to highlight how cultural identity and political consciousness can no longer be assumed; we must, instead, investigate how they are negotiated along various intersecting axes—postcolonial (Arab nationalist, Islamist, state-nationalist), ethno-religious (sectarian and tribal), and class-based, to name just a few. In so doing the paper proposes new vocabulary for scholars in the field of Middle Eastern politics to capture these competing identities, and highlights their own positionality within them.
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